This issue of the NBR Analysis contains adapted versions of the opening and closing keynote addresses from an NBR conference on Islamic finance, presented respectively by Zeti Akhtar Aziz, governor of Bank Negara Malaysia, and by Shamshad Akhtar, governor of the State Bank of Pakistan. As leaders and strategic thinkers in the Islamic finance industry, Governors Aziz and Akhtar provide invaluable insight both into the factors shaping the industry’s global trends and into the challenges confronting the industry’s long-term sustainability.