Emma M. Rafaelof

Emma is a Senior Manager of Global Policy at the Semiconductor Industry Association focused on India, the Americas, trade policy, and export controls. Before SIA, Emma was a Research Analyst at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory focused on U.S.-China technological competition, research security, strategic trade controls, and supply chain analysis. Emma joined PNNL in February 2024 from the DHS Office of Policy, Strategy, and Plans, where she represented DHS for Team Telecom and CFIUS reviews. From 2020 to 2022, she was a Policy Analyst at the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission covering technology, export controls, trade policy, sanctions, China-Korea relations, and Hong Kong.

From 2016 to 2020, Emma was a senior manager of policy for Asia at the Information Technology Industry Council (ITI) where she represented the interests of 75+ international companies on issues related to cybersecurity, privacy, global standardization and international trade. Emma also previously interned at the U.S. Trade Representative’s (USTR) Office of China Affairs focusing on technology policy and intellectual property rights. She holds a MA in Asian Studies from George Washington University and a BA in Chinese, English, and Asian Studies from the University of Colorado at Boulder. Emma is professionally fluent in Mandarin Chinese and has proficiency in Japanese, along with being an aspiring student of Hebrew, Arabic, and Korean. Emma is a Nonresident Fellow at NBR.