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Muhamad Izham Abd. Shukor
William B. Abnett
Zachary Abuza
Amitav Acharya
Dilshod Achilov
Bruce A. Acker
Mumtaz Ahmad
Deogsang Ahn
Se Hyun Ahn
Ehsan Ahrari
Alexis Aik
Shamshad Akhtar
Muthiah Alagappa
Jalal Alamgir
Roy Allison
Eric G. Altbach
Ramses Amer
Walter K. Andersen
Philip Andrews-Speed
Nguyen Anh Tuan
Richard P. Appelbaum
Michael H. Armacost
I Made Andi Arsana
Kuniko Ashizawa
Anders Åslund
James E. Auer
Dan Aum
Michael Auslin
Richard M. Auty
Zeti Akhtar Aziz

Bradley Babson
David Bachman
John H. Badgley
Jayanta Bandyopadhyay
Dipankar Banerjee
Jiun Bang
Rommel C. Banlaoi
Taeho Bark
Sanjaya Baru
Darshana M. Baruah
Suzanne Basalla
Rajesh Basrur
Robert Batten
Max Baucus
Richard Baum
Lowell B. Bautista
Neil J. Beck
Robert Bednarzik
Navnita Chadha Behera
Nancy Bernkopf Tucker
Richard K. Betts
Udai Bhanu Singh
Aryaman Bhatnagar
Abbas Bhuiya
James H. Billington
Nahim Bin Zahur
Michael P. Birt
Nick Bisley
Jared Bissinger
Richard A. Bitzinger
Dennis C. Blair
Stephen J. Blank
Dennis J. Blasko
Dan Blumenthal
Davis B. Bobrow
Matthew Boswell
Pieter Bottelier
Charles W. Boustany Jr.
J. Patrick Boyd
John Bradford
Michael Bradshaw
Natalie Bravo
Scott W. Bray
Magnus Breidne
Anna Brettell
David Brewster
Lawson Brigham
Kjeld Erik Brødsgaard
Linton Brooks
Stephen Brooks
James D.J. Brown
Richard C. Bush

Mely Caballero-Anthony
Penghong Cai
Kent E. Calder
Mary P. Callahan
Kurt Campbell
David Capie
Allen Carlson
Andrew Carr
Robert B. Cassidy
Victor D. Cha
Pavin Chachavalpongpun
Greg Chaffin
P.G. Dhar Chakrabarti
Michael R. Chambers
Jane Chan
Susan Chan Shifflett
Amy Chang
Joseph Chang
Michael S. Chase
Sanjay Chaturvedi
Pervaiz Iqbal Cheema
Brahma Chellaney
Dean Cheng
Tun-jen Cheng
Michelle Cho
Nam Hoon Cho
Kang Choi
Ja Ian Chong
Deepti Choubrey
Edward Chow
Thomas J. Christensen
Gaye Christoffersen
Shulong Chu
Shahram Chubin
Chaesung Chun
Jae Ho Chung
Kuyoun Chung
Priscilla Clapp
Christopher M. Clarke
Donald Clarke
Michael Clarke
Lawrence W. Clarkson
Christopher Clary
Michael H. Cognato
Roberta Cohen
Stephen D. Cohen
Stephen P. Cohen
Elbridge A. Colby
Bernard D. Cole
Gabe Collins
Kathleen Collins
Gifford Combs
Tim Cook
Alexander Cooley
Kevin Cooney
Cortez A. Cooper III
Svante E. Cornell
Ralph A. Cossa
Nigel Crisp
Patrick M. Cronin
Richard P. Cronin
Tom Cutler

Alice D. Ba
Catharin Dalpino
Toby Dalton
Mike Danaher
Zha Daojiong
Tara Davenport
Indra de Soysa
Jacques deLisle
Abraham M. Denmark
Barry Desker
Andrew DeWit
John Dineen
Sheng Ding
Dini Djalal
Hasjim Djalal
Wang Dong
Xenia Dormandy
Rush Doshi
Tilak K. Doshi
Erica Downs
Christopher Doyle
Jessica Drun
Mathieu Duchâtel
Alexis Dudden
Colin Dueck

Leif-Eric Easley
Robert Ebel
Nicholas Eberstadt
Elizabeth C. Economy
Richard J. Ellings
Lorraine Elliott
Herbert J. Ellison
Deborah Elms
Ralf Emmers
Donald K. Emmerson
Lam Peng Er
Andrew S. Erickson

Isabelle Facon
Sandra Fahy
C. Christine Fair
Leah Fang
Thomas B. Fargo U.S. Navy (Ret.)
Xiaoru Fei
Geza Feketekuty
Vanda Felbab-Brown
Jonathan Fenby
Huiyun Feng
Zhu Feng
Charles D. Ferguson
Joseph P. Ferguson
Shahriar Fesharaki
Joseph Fewsmith
Margaux Fimbres
Thomas Fingar
David M. Finkelstein
Michael Finnegan
L. Gordon Flake
David Fleming
Christopher A. Ford
Peter Ford
Brian Franchell
Alexandra Francis
Rüdiger Frank
M. Taylor Fravel
Mark W. Frazier
Charles W. Freeman III
Erik French
Aaron L. Friedberg
Edward Friedman
Ellen L. Frost
Nobuo Fukuda
Francis Fukuyama
Douglas Fuller
Graham E. Fuller

Sumit Ganguly
Jean A. Garrison
John W. Garver
Christopher Gascoyne
Harry Gelman
Bates Gill
John H. Gill
Bruce Gilley
Clara Gillispie
Robert Gilpin
Mark Giordano
David Gitter
Gregory M. Gleason
Michael A. Glosny
Evelyn Goh
Emily O. Goldman
Merle Goldman
Lyle Goldstein
Steven M. Goldstein
Larry P. Goodson
John M. Graham
Frederic Grare
Michael J. Green
Jonathan W. Greenert
"Wallace "Chip"" Gregson
Sheena Chestnut Greitens
Edward Gresser
Agnia Grigas
William W. Grimes
Kristen Gunness
Sourabh Gupta

Stephan Haggard
Antoine Halff
Ian Hall
Steven E. Halliwell
Ahmad Fauzi Abdul Hamid
Yong-sup Han
Philip Hanson
Stephen E. Hanson
Yufan Hao
Husain Haqqani
Brian Harding
Harry Harding
Scott Hare
Scott W. Harold
Tobias Harris
Lee Hartwell
Noorhaidi Hasan
John B. Haseman
Hiroshi Hashimoto
Walter Hatch
Robert M. Hathaway
Kai He
Xiao He
Timothy R. Heath
Robert W. Hefner
Eric Heginbotham
Caitríona H. H. Heinl
Donald C. Hellmann
Leigh E. Hendrix
Mikkal E. Herberg
Donald Hertzmark
Murray Hiebert
Kyaw Yin Hlaing
David I. Hoffman
James R. Holmes
Zhao Hong
Michael C. Horowitz
Alexander Horstmann
Celesa L. Horvath
Tomoko Hosoe
Trevor Houser
Nicholas Calcina Howson
Hsin-Huang Michael Hsiao
Russell Hsiao
Roselyn Hsueh
Alexander Chieh-cheng Huang
Chin-Hao Huang
Julia Huang
Yasheng Huang
Yukon Huang
Zhao Huasheng
Christopher W. Hughes
John C. Hughes
Llewelyn Hughes
Peter Hughes
Robert Huish
Nazia Hussain
Jacques E.C. Hymans

A.R.M. Imtiyaz
Keoni Indrabayu
Motoshige Itoh
Shoichi Itoh
Kavita Iyengar
Yasuhiro Izumikawa

Van Jackson
J. Bruce Jacobs
Lee Jaehyon
Amy Myers Jaffe
Linda Jakobson
Helen James
Amal Jayawardane
Peter Jennings
Donald N. Jensen
James Jensen
Robert Jervis
You Ji
Ken Jimbo
Jing Jing Bo-jiun
Hyeran Jo
Neil Joeck
Ellis Joffe
Ashley Johnson
Chalmers Johnson
Erica Johnson
Juliet Johnson
Mark S. Johnson
Thomas H. Johnson
Catherine Jones
Michael T. Jones
Pauline Jones Luong
Mallika Joseph
Yogesh Joshi
Gratiana Jung

Shirley Kahn
Gaurav Kampani
Roy D. Kamphausen
Atsuko Kanehara
David C. Kang
Yoonhee Kang
Robert A. Kapp
Devesh Kapur
Mahin Karim
Tariq A. Karim
David J. Karl
Nargis Kassenova
Vivek Katju
Mark N. Katz
Richard Katz
Michael Keating
Lisa A. Keister
Laura M. Kelley
James A. Kelly
Joachim Kempin
Scott Kennedy
Jessica Keough
Feroz Hassan Khan
Ijaz Khan
Parag Khanna
Sridhar K. Khatri
Yuen Foong Khong
Igor Khripunov
Tsutomu Kikuchi
Ellen Kim
J. James Kim
Jina Kim
Jiyoon Kim
Joon-Kyung Kim
Samuel S. Kim
Ann Marie Kimball
Jacob W. Kipp
Jason A. Kirk
Mark Kirk
Bruce Klingner
Randy Kluver
Yoji Koda
Michael Kofman
Kei Koga
Bo Kong
Weston S. Konishi
Tetsuo Kotani
James Kraska
Matthew Kroenig
Mikhail Kroutikhin
Roger M. Kubarych
Ryo Kubota
Andrew C. Kuchins
Michael Kugelman
Mercy Kuo
Sumitha Narayanan Kutty

P. Whitney Lackenbauer
David Lai
Kalsoom Lakhani
Marie Lall
David M. Lampton
Tang Lan
Andrei Lankov
Nicholas R. Lardy
Rick Larsen
Marlene Laruelle
David Lawrence
Chae-Jin Lee
Chong-Sik Lee
Chung H. Lee
Chung Min Lee
Geun Lee
John Lee
Ming Lee
Seokwoo Lee
Sung-Yoon Lee
Taeku Lee
Kurt Leffler
Robert Legvold
Christopher Len
Wendy Leutert
Michael Levi
Jeffrey Lewis
Steven W. Lewis
Cheng Li
Jianwei Li
Li Li
Ling Li
Ping Li
Zhu Li
Kenneth Lieberthal
Adam P. Liff
Ji-Ping Lin
Teh-chang Lin
Ting-Hui Lin
Edward J. Lincoln
Joseph Chinyong Liow
Weihua Liu
Yawei Liu
Bobo Lo
S.R. Joey Long
Jin Lu
Nancy Lubin
Stanley Lubman
Leiv Lunde
Chris Lundry
Daniel Lynch
Yue Lyu

Damien Ma
Tiffany Ma
Juli A. MacDonald
Andrew MacIntyre
Thomas G. Mahnken
Nadeem Malik
Peter Mandaville
Nguyen Manh Hung
James Manicom
Jeffrey Mankoff
Erica Marat
Andrew Marble
Daniel Markey
Kimberly Marten
Michael Mastanduno
Edward Masters
Oriana Skylar Mastro
Richard A. Matthew
Peter Mattis
Michael Mazza
William C. McCahill Jr.
Barrett L. McCormick
L.G. McCraw
Michael McDevitt
Eric McGlinchey
Rory Medcalf
Evan S. Medeiros
Raja Menon
Rajan Menon
Andrew Mertha
Joel Messing
James R. Millar
Meredith Miller
Zhao Minghao
Carl Minzner
Derek Mitchell
John V. Mitchell
Jongryn Mo
Mike M. Mochizuki
C. Raja Mohan
James Clay Moltz
Chung-in Moon
Katherine H.S. Moon
Aki Mori
Richard L. Morningstar
Evgeny Morozov
Lyle Morris
Charles E. Morrison
Russell Leigh Moses
Rahul Mukherji
Aurelia George Mulgan
Craig Mundie
Michio Muramatsu
Ann Marie Murphy
William Murray
Thant Myint-U

Hormoz Naficy
Jane Nakano
Emile A. Nakhleh
Barry Naughton
Polly Nayak
Kevin G. Nealer
Vikram Nehru
Matthew J. Nelson
William H. Neukom
Peter Neupert
James Newberry
Andy Nguyen
James P. Nolan
Marcus Noland
Farish A. Noor
Hanan Nugroho

Meghan L. O'Sullivan
Justin Odum
Kongdan Oh
Michael O'Hanlon
Liselotte Odgaard
Michel Oksenberg
Martha Brill Olcott
Olga Oliker
Deepa Ollapally
Edward A. Olson
Andrew L. Oros
Maria Ortuoste
Ted Osius
Nick Owen

Douglas H. Paal
Agnieszka Paczynska
Madhav Pai
Céline Pajon
Pramit Pal Chaudhuri
Leslie Palti-Guzman
Aparna Pande
Harsh V. Pant
Manjeet S. Pardesi
Andrew Injoo Park
Hun Joo Park
John S. Park
Yoon-shik Park
Young Kil Park
Ritika Passi
T.V. Paul
Morten B. Pedersen
Minxin Pei
Hooman Peimani
T. J. Pempel
Michael Penn
Thomas B. Pepinsky
Dwight Perkins
Dwight H. Perkins
George Perkovich
Peter A. Petri
Michael Pettis
Sebastien Peyrouse
Maite Pina
Daniel Pinkston
Dennis Pirages
Jonathan D. Pollack
Kevin Pollpeter
Kenneth Pomeranz
Thitinan Pongsudhirak
Pitman B. Potter
Kitti Prasirtsuk
Roy Prosterman
Christopher Pultz
Kenneth B. Pyle

Erik Quam
Neil Quartaro

Rasul Bakhsh Rais
Rajesh Rajagopalan
Rajeswari Pillai Rajagopalan
Kumar Ramakrishna
Scott Ramsey
Jayadeva Ranade
David P. Rapkin
Mira Rapp-Hooper
William Ratliff
Seng Raw
Thomas G. Rawski
Robert Reardon
Edward P. Reed
Dietrich Reetz
Mitchell B. Reiss
Xiao Ren
Ali Riaz
Jeffrey Riedinger
Shelley Rigger
Anthony V. Rinna
Wu Riqiang
Hasan Askari Rizvi
Nadège Rolland
Steven Rosefielde
Robert S. Ross
Animesh Roul
J. Stapleton Roy
Meena Singh Roy
Gilbert Rozman
Eugene Rumer
Loren H. Runyon
Laurent Ruseckas
Don Russell
George F. Russell
Peter Rutland

Ryo Sahashi
Arun Sahgal
Ajai Sahni
Keiko Sakurai
Nilanthi Samaranayake
Gary Samore
Richard J. Samuels
Yoichiro Sato
Yukio Satoh
Paul J. Saunders
Phillip C. Saunders
Gary R. Saxonhouse
Robert A. Scalapino
Benjamin Schaare
William Schabas
Teresita C. Schaffer
James L. Schoff
Clive Schofield
Benjamin Schreer
Sylvia Schwaag Serger
Andrew Scobell
Leonard C. Sebastian
Adam Segal
Sergey Sevastyanov
Jean-Francois Seznec
Aqil Shah
Tushaar Shah
David Shambaugh
Yi Shang
Matthew Shannon Stumpf
Shalendra Sharma
Andrew Shearer
Ali Tauqeer Sheikh
Louise I. Shelley
James Sherr
Lilia Shevtsova
Tomohito Shinoda
Susan L. Shirk
Benjamin Shobert
Sheldon W. Simon
Abhijit Singh
Bhubhindar Singh
P.K. Singh
Aseema Sinha
Abdulkader H. Sinno
James Slutz
Andrew Small
Hanscom Smith
Hazel Smith
Jeff M. Smith
Sheila A. Smith
Michael Smitka
Daniel Sneider
Scott Snyder
Farooq Sobhan
Pamela Sodhy
Hadi Soesastro
Yoshihide Soeya
Yul Sohn
Etel Solingen
Benjamin J. Sovacool
Dina R. Spechler
Martin C. Spechler
S. Frederick Starr
David I. Steinberg
James B. Steinberg
Paul Stevens
Mark A. Stokes
Kathryn Stoner
Ian Storey
Austin M. Strange
Alexandra Stuart
Jun Su
Yohanes Sulaiman
Charles J. Sullivan
Victor Sumsky
Jing Sun
Kai Sun
Yan Sun
Julie M. Super
Ristian Atriandi Supriyanto
Robert Sutter
Richard P. Suttmeier
Michael D. Swaine
Emirza Adi Syailendra
Alison Szalwinski
Nicholas Szechenyi

Masayuki Tadokoro
Sugio Takahashi
Cecilia Tam
Alex Zixiang Tan
See Seng Tan
Akihiko Tanaka
Pradeep Taneja
Siew Mun Tang
May Tan-Mullins
Murray Scot Tanner
Travis Tanner
Xie Tao
Yuki Tatsumi
Letha Tawney
Simon Tay
Brendan Taylor
Robert H. Taylor
Ashley J. Tellis
Takashi Terada
Sue Mi Terry
June Teufel Dreyer
Tran Viet Thai
Nik Norzrul Thani
Carlyle A. Thayer
Brett Theodos
Eric C. Thompson
William R. Thompson
Judith Thornton
Huong Le Thu
Mark Thurber
Tran Truong Thuy
Tsutomu Toichi
Hideshi Tokuchi
Aki Tonami
Gary Tooker
William Tow
Ian Townsend-Gault
Dmitri Trenin
Nikos Tsafos
Kellee S. Tsai
Mamuka Tsereteli
Michito Tsuruoka
Xinquan Tu
Jennifer L. Turner
Daniel Twining
Christopher P. Twomey
Laura D'Andrea Tyson

Kristian Coates Ulrichsen
Bishnu Raj Upreti
Shujiro Urata

Mark J. Valencia
Peter Van Ness
Stacy D. VanDeveer
Angelo Venardos
Frank E. Vogel
Alexander L. Vuving

Alan M. Wachman
Daniel Waddle
Robert H. Wade
Celeste A. Wallander
Mark Walport
Jonathan Walton
Ming Wan
Dustin Kuan-Hsiung Wang
Fei-Ling Wang
Hongying Wang
Jianwei Wang
Juntao Wang
Vincent Wei-cheng Wang
Yuan-Kang Wang
Zheng Wang
Ibrahim Warde
Akio Watanabe
Donald E. Weatherbee
Brian Weeden
Stephen Wegren
Marvin G. Weinbaum
Richard Weitz
Bridget Welsh
Harold Wescott
Michael Wesley
Hugh White
Allen S. Whiting
Thomas S. Wilkins
Mark Williams
John Williamson
Michael Wills
Richard L. Wilson
S. Enders Wimbush
Robert G. Wirsing
Elizabeth Wishnick
William C. Wohlforth
Wojtek M. Wolfe
Paul Wolfowitz
Jon B. Wolfsthal
Joseph Wong
Larry Wortzel
Friedrich Wu
Xu Wu
Joel Wuthnow

Ren Xiao
Yan Xuetong

Vandana Yadav
Michael Yahuda
Tadataka Yamada
Noboru Yamaguchi
Kozo Yamamura
Ippei Yamazawa
Alan H. Yang
Anand A. Yang
Fenggang Yang
Guobin Yang
Philip Yang
Xiangkui Yao
Brian F. Yates
Jianping Ye
Gong Yingchun
Toshi Yoshihara
Ji You
Bin Yu
Hong Yu
Kaho Yu
Jing-dong Yuan
Christopher Yung
Moeed Yusuf

Donald S. Zagoria
Feng Zhang
Yongjin Zhang
Chaoyi Zhao
Li Zhidong
Keliang Zhu
Charles E. Ziegler
Robert B. Zoellick
Katarzyna Zysk

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China’s Approach to Conventional Deterrence

Introduction: China’s Evolving Thinking on Deterrence

“Struggle” as Coercion with Chinese Characteristics The PRC’s Approach to Nonconventional Deterrence

Designing Deterrence The PLA’s Outlook on Disruptive Technologies and Emerging Capabilities

How China’s Nuclear Past Shapes the Present: Ideological and Diplomatic Considerations in Nuclear Deterrence

Measuring Assertiveness, Managing Crisis Lessons Learned from the South China Sea

The Next Flashpoint? China, the Republic of Korea, and the Yellow Sea

The Russia–South Korea Relationship after Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine and Implications for the U.S.-ROK Alliance

China’s Military Modernization in Autonomous, Cyber, and Space Weapons Implications for Taiwan

China’s Cyber, Space, and Autonomous Weapons Systems India’s Concerns and Responses

New Domains of Chinese Military Modernization Security Implications for Japan

Philippine Security Implications from China’s Autonomous, Cyber, and Space Weapons Systems